KERALA PSC / COMPUTER / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY / NOTES

 KERALA PSC / COMPUTER / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY / NOTES

KERALA PSC / COMPUTER / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY / NOTES

·      Computer is a fast and accurate electronic symbol processing machine that can accept, store and process data and can produce useful information as output.

·      The earlier computers, which were massive in size, were based on vacuum tubes

·      The computer system is divided into two parts, hardware and software. Hardware is the electrical and electronic components of a computer that can be seen and touched. Software is the collection of programmes written for computer to perform certain tasks.

·      A computer program refers to the range of programs that are used to perform various functions

·      The three important parts of a computer are Input unit, Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Output Unit

·      Main chip of the computer is called CPU

·      The CPU is the brain of the computer

·      Parts of CPU are ALU, CU, MU

·      Control Unit (CU) controls the processing of data inside computer

·      Memory unit stores data temporarily during the processing

·      RAM (Random Access Memory): That holds its memory as long as power is on, but the user can change the memory. RAM chips store only the information that is currently needed by the microprocessor

·      ROM (Read Only Memory): That hold its memory even when the computer is turned off. User cannot change the memory of ROM. ROM chips are used to hold instructions that a computer runs repeatedly

·      Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) performs all the mathematical calculations

·      WINDOWS is a Software

·      Windows is an operating system that helps the user to work on the computer

·      MS DOS, Linux, Unix, GNU/LINUX etc….. are the most popular Operating System

·      ASC II (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) – The world wide standard code number used by computers to represent all the upper and lower case letters, numbers and punctuation. There are 128 standard ASCII Codes.

·      SQL stands for Structured Query Language

·      The My computer folder on the Desktop shows the program icons present in your computer such as hard disk, floppy disk, CD-Rom, Pendrive and Printer.

·      The My Documents Folder is a desktop folder that stores all the documents, graphics and other files.

·      The Recycle Bin is a folder in which deleted files are stores

·      My Computer, My documents, Recycle Bin and Network Neighbourhood are the common icons found on the Windows Desktop.

·      The free programs that we get from start menu is called Accessories

·      Device that are not part of the main computer system and are often added later to the system is known as Peripheral

·      Mouse is a device for moving the cursor on the screen of a computer

·      The part of a computer that contains the screen where messages to and from the Central Processing Unit are displayed: Monitor

·      Input device widely used for playing video games in computers Joy stick and Tracker ball

·      Mouse: click and double click are achieved using the mouse

·      Scanner: is a device that converts images into digital form so that they can be sorted and manipulated on computer

·      Early computing machines, like the ENIAC, were actually meant to assist the armed forces.

·      The printers in pre-1950s were punch cards

·      An improvement on the ENIAC, which pioneered ‘stored program’, was made possible with the help of the mathematician John von Neumann.

·      The B-programming language was developed by Ken Thompson

·      B-Programming language was used for the development of ‘C’ programming language, ‘C’ was developed by Dennis Ritchie

·      Famous people, associated with the ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC computers are Eckert & Mauchly

·      IBM was provided software for PCs by Microsoft

·      Time-sharing, teletyping, were associated with mainframe computers

·      The transformation from heavy computers to PCs was made possible using microprocessors

·      The first microprocessor was developed in 1971 by Intel

·      The term ‘micro’ (extremely small) denotes 10-6m.

·      The Harvard student, who chose to write computer programs and dropped studies was Bill Gates

·      The newly released microprocessor from Intel is Pentium-4

·      The Pentium is the semi-conductor chip used in today’s computer.

·      A Pentium 4 (P-4) employs roughly 40 million transistors

·      Mark – 1, Apple – 1 and colossus were initial desktop computers

·      Binary digits are briefed as bit

·       A collection of 8 bits is called byte

·      A megabyte has 106 (million) bytes

·      C++, is a computer language

·      An error in software designing which can even cause a computer to crash is called bug

·      The process of eliminating programming faults is called debugging

·      Y2K is a computer Bug: Y2K problem means year 2000 problem supposed to affect the computer in the year AD 2000

·      Starting up on operating system is called booting

·      A program used to browse the web is called browser

·      Java, C, ForTran, Pascal and BASIC are computer programming languages

·      High level languages are languages used by men to operate a computer

·      C sharp, COBOL are also high level programming languages:

Ø Java: The first language which is used for the application in internet

Ø COBOL: Common Business Oriented Language

Ø COBOL: It is widely used for business applications

·      It was developed by Grace Murray Hooper

·      FORTRAN is commonly used in Science field

·      The device which sends computer data using a phone line is called MODEM

·      MODEM: it is used to convert Analog Signals in digital and vice versa

·      ‘Worm’ and ‘virus’ are actually programs

·      A ‘file’ is a unit of information

·      A small, single site network is called LAN

·      Ethernet, LAN, Token Ring and Token Bus are types of LAN

·      MAN: (Metropolitan Area Network): It connects the computers is one large city or two nearest cities.

·      WAN (Wide Area Network): It connects so many computers in a wide area and transmit data

·      A processor that collects several data and sends them over a single line is called bridge

·      ‘Nano’ stands for one billion part

·      The number of bit patterns using an n-bit code is 2n.

·      To convert a binary number to a decimal, we have to express it in power of 2.

·      www stands for world wide web

·      Mathematics employed in computers is called Boolean Algebra

·      The first home computer (1977), which was sold in millions of units was Apple II

·      ‘PARAM’ is a super computer.

KERALA PSC / COMPUTER / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY / NOTES