KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / MEDICAL SCIENCE / PERSONALITIES
IN BIOLOGY / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
/ KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY
KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / MEDICAL SCIENCE / PERSONALITIES
IN BIOLOGY / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
/ KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY
ALEXANDER FLEMING (1881-1955)
British Bacteriologist, Nobel laureate, best known for
his discovery of pencillin, while he was the Assistant Director of St.Mary’s
hospital medical school of university of London in 1928, Fleming accidently
observed that a mould (later identified as pencillium notatum) lysed colonies
of bacteria styphylococci a common cause of wound infection, he called his new
discovert ‘Pencillin”. But he was unable to obtain pencillin in a sufficiently
pure form to produce reliable result in patient, a group of Oxford University
team including Howard Florey and chemist Ernst Chin was succeeded in producing
small amount of pencillin which has made it possible to cure dangerous diseases
and thus to save thousands of lives every year. Alexander Fleming shared 1945
Nobel prize for medicine/physiology with Florey and Chin.
LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895)
French chemist and Microbiologist, Father of
Microbiology he is famous for his remarkable achievement in the cause of
prevention of disease. He created the first vaccine for rabies, anthrax, he
devised a technique which could prevent milk and wine from decaying is called
pasteurization. Pasteur Institute is in Paris.
ROBERT KOCH (1843-1910)
German Physician, he isolated Bacillus Anthracis
(1877) Tuberculosis bacillus (1882), and Vibrio Cholerac (1883) he was awarded
Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine in 1905 for his tuberculosis finding.
JOSEPH LISTER (1827-1912)
British surgeon pioneer of antiseptic surgery. He
promoted the idea of sterile surgery by using Carbolic Acid (Phenol)
RONALD ROSS (1857-1932)
British doctor lived in India received Nobel Prize for
medicine in 1902 for his discovery of Malarial parasite in the gastro
intestinal tract of Anopheles mosquito led to the realization that Malaria was
transmitted by Anopheles.
CHRISTIAAN BERNARD (1922-2001)
South African Cardiac Surgeon who performed the world
first successful human to human heart transplantation in 1967
JAMES D WATSON AND FRANCIS CRICK
Co-discovers of structure of DNA in 1953. They used
X-ray diffraction technique formulated by Rosalind Franklin and proposed double
helical structure of DNA. They awarded Nobel Prize in 1962
EDWARD JENNER (1749-1823)
English Doctor who was the pioneer of Small pox.
Vaccine (1796), he is called ‘Father of Immunology’ vaccination refers to ‘intentional
administration of harmless or less harmful form of a pathogen to induce
specific immune response that protects individual to later exposure to the same
pathogen.
JAGADISH CHANDRA BOSE (1858-1937)
A Bengal born Indian Physicist, Biologist. Botanist
and Archeologist, Bose’s main discovery related to Radio and Remote Wireless
Signelling the invented Crescograph an instrument used to measure plant
response to various stimuli. He was the 1st person from Indian
subcontinent to receive US patent.
HAR GOBIND KHORANA (1922-2011)
An Indian born American biochemist, Nobel Prize winner
in 1968 for physiology/Medicine for research that helped to show how unelectide
in nuclic acid which carry genetic code of this cell control, the often
referred to as ‘maker of artificial gene’
GRANT BATING AND CHARLES BEST
Canadian doctors, they discovered Insulin in 1921 and
awarded Nobel Prize in 1923. Bating remains the youngest Nobel Prize winner in
the field of physiology/medicine.
NORMAN BORLANG (1914-2009)
American Agronomist and known as the father of Green
Revolution in the world. He developed Semi dwarf high yield disease resistant
wheat variety. He was awarded Nobel Prize for Peace in 1970
M.S SWAMINATHAN
A Kerala born Indian Genetist, renowned for his
leading role in Indian Green Revolution under this programme high yield
varieties of wheat and rice seedlings were planted throughout the country.
KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / MEDICAL SCIENCE / PERSONALITIES
IN BIOLOGY / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
/ KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY
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