KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH / CARBOHYDRATES / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

 

KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH / CARBOHYDRATES / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH / CARBOHYDRATES / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

·      Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which constitute sugars (Starch, cellulose, glucose etc..) and supply calories for body activity.

·      The general formula of carbohydrate molecule is Cₙ(HₙO)ₙ

·      The sources of carbohydrates are rice, wheat, honey, sugar, potato carrot. Deficiency of carbohydrates causes weight loss and weakness.

·      Polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketones are carbohydrates.

·      Based on the number of sugar units they can be classified into, Monosaccharidas, Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharidas

·      Starch: Starch is the Carbohydrate reserve of plants which is the most important dietry source for higher animal.

·      Sucrose: It is also called Cane sugar; sucrose is the major carbohydrate produced in photosynthesis it is transported into the storage organs of plants, most abundant naturally occurring sugar.

·      Lactose: Lactose is more commonly known as milk sugar. Lactose of milk is the most important carbohydrate in the nutrition of young mammals.

·      Inulin: Inulin is a polymer of fructose, is used for assessing kidney function through measurement of Gloerular Filtration Rate (GER)

·      Glycogen: Glycogen is the carbohydrate reserve in animal hence it is often referred as animal starch it is present in high concentration in liver, followed by muscle, brain etc.. Glycogen is also found in plants that do not possess chlorophyll

·      Cellulose: Cellulose occurs exclusively in plants and it is the most abundant organic substance in plants, predominant constituent of plant cell wall, cellulose is totally absent in animal cell, cellulose, though not digested has great importance in human nutrition it is major constituent of fiber.

·      Chitin: It is structural polysaccharide found in exoskellan of some invertebrates eg, insects, crustaceans.

KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH / CARBOHYDRATES / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY