KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / BLOOD / NOTES /
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC
PRELIMINARY
KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / BLOOD / NOTES /
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC
PRELIMINARY
·
Heamophilia
day: April 17
·
The
blood serves to transport and distribute materials within the body
·
Distribution
of enzymes is not a function of blood
·
Blood
circulation was discovered by William Harvey
·
Since
blood is found outside the cells it is called as extra cellular fluid (ECF)
·
The
p H value of human blood is nearly 7.5
·
The
blood cholesterol level in 100ml of blood in a normal person varies between
150-250mg.
·
The
liquid part of the blood viz., the plasma constitutes 55% of the total blood
volume.
·
Albumin,
globulin and fibrinogen are the plasma proteins
·
Fibrinogen
is concerned with coagulation of blood
·
The
blood cells are of three types: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes), White Blood
Cells (leucocytes) and the Platelets (Thrombocytes).
·
Red
Blood Corpuscles (RBC) contain haemoglobin which gives blood its red colour.
Camel is the only mammal having nucleus in the RBC
·
The
abnormal rise in total count of RBC is called polycythemia.
·
Erythrocytes
participate in transporting oxygen from lungs to tissues
·
CO₂
is carried in both plasma and RBC as bicarbonates
·
RBCs
are produced in the bone marrow
·
Spleen
& liver destroy the dead RBCs in human body. Spleen is known as graveyard
of RBC
·
Spleen
serves as a Blood Bank (Reservoir of blood) in the body.
·
The
life span of RBC is about 120 days
·
Haemoglobin
consists of iron containing pigment haem and a protein globin.
·
Haemoglobin,
the respiratory pigment gives red colour to RBC
·
Haemoglobin
helps in transportation of oxygen.
·
Normal
adult human male has 14 grams of haemoglobin in 100 millilitre of blood
·
The
condition when haemoglobin content of the blood falls below normal is termed
anaemia.
·
The disease resistant constituent of blood is
WBC which produces antibodies
·
Antigens
are capable of stimulating the formation of antibodies
·
WBC
– White Blood Corpuscles (Leucocytes) defend our body from disease causing
microorganisms
·
The
number of luecocytes per micro litre of blood is called the total count of WBC.
It is normally 5000 in humans
·
The
proportion of RBC and WBC in human body is 600:1
·
The
life span of WBC is about 5 to 21 days
·
Platelets
or thrombocytes are other blood cells. They perform an important role in blood
clotting. They live only for a few hours
·
Clotting
of blood in blood vessels is called thrombosis
·
The
coagulation of blood in vessels is prevented during normal condition by
heparin.
·
Haemophilia
sometimes referred to as bleeder’s disease or ‘Christmas disease’
·
A
healthy person has 5-6 litres of blood in his body.
·
At
a time of blood donation only 300ml of blood is used
·
The
normal blood pressure of a healthy adult is 120/80mmHg
·
120
mmHg is known as systolic pressure and 80mmHg is known as diastolic pressure.
·
High
blood pressure (Hypertension) is known as the silent killer
·
Normal
blood sugar level: 80-100mg/100ml of blood
·
Normal
cholesterol: 50-180mg/100ml of plasma
·
The
largest leucocyte: Monocytes
·
The
smallest leucocyte: Lymphocytes
·
The
leucocytes capable of producing antibodies are: lymphocytes
·
The leucocytes which are modified as scavenger
cells are: Monocytes
·
The
leucocytes that are able to produce the anticoagulant heparin are Basophils.
·
Plasma:
About 55% of whole
blood is blood plasma, a fluid that is the blood’s liquid medium, which by
itself is straw-yellow in colour.
·
Plasma
functions in transport, body immunity, prevention of blood loss, retention of
fluid in blood, maintenance of p H, uniform distribution of heat.
KERALA PSC / CDPO / BIOLOGY / BLOOD / NOTES /
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC
PRELIMINARY
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