KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / POLLUTION / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

 

KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / POLLUTION / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / POLLUTION / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY

·      Nuclear fuel cycle, combustion of coal, accidents in nuclear power plants, medical therapy and diagnosis, scientific research, detonation of nuclear weapons in testing and war, television sets are sources of radiation. Fetuses are more sensitive to radiation. Cancer may be increased by ionizing radiation.

·      Ozone layer filters out solar ultraviolet radiation which is harmful to most animal and plant life. 90% of ozone resides in stratosphere.

·      One chlorine atom can destroy about 100,000 ozone molecules

·      Tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead are used in automobiles as anti-knocking agent.

·      Lead, SO₂, NO₂ and CO impedes oxygen transport by combining with Hb.

·      The effect of particulate matter depends on the size and fate of particles on our body.

·      The effect of gaseous pollutant depends on their solubility in water.

·      NO₂ at high concentrations impairs functioning of lungs by accumulating water in air spaces.

·      Polluted air causes respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, emphysema and lung cancer especially in children

·      Fluorides destroy leaf tissues.

·      Oxides of Nitrogen and fluoride reduce crop yields.

·      Hydrocarbon such as ethylene causes premature falling of leaf, flower bud and curling of petals.

·      Smaller particles are separated from harmless gases by cyclone collector or electrostatic precipitator.

·      The most important method of conversion of pollutant is oxidation in air.

·      Sewage waste are always rich in bacteria and organic substrate.

·      In organic nitrates and phosphates stimulate excessive plant growth in lake.

·      The organochlorides in pesticides are highly persistent and pass through food chain. They accumulate in fatty tissue and affect the nervous system.

·      Change in colour is a very common effect produced by dyes, inorganic substances like chromium and iron compound

·      Noise is physical form of pollution.

·      Kyoto protocol – To reduce the emissions of Green House Gases (GHGs)

·      Montreal Protocol – To keep ozone layer intact (To reduce CFCs)

·      Cartegena Protocol – To preserve bio diversity & Biosafty protocols.

·      Stockholm convention - To reduce the use of POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) or Dirty Dozen. 

 

KERALA PSC / BIOLOGY / POLLUTION / NOTES / OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS / STUDY MATERIALS / GENERAL KNOWLEDGE / KERALA PSC PRELIMINARY