CODE OF CANONS OF THE EASTERN CHURCHES : TITLE VI – METROPOLITAN CHURCHES AND OTHER CHURCHES SUI IURIS
CODE OF CANONS OF THE EASTERN CHURCHES : TITLE VI – METROPOLITAN CHURCHES
AND OTHER CHURCHES SUI IURIS
TITLE: VI
METROPOLITAN CHURCHES AND OTHER CHURCHES SUI IURIS
CHAPTER I
METROPOLITAN CHURCHES SUI IURIS
Can.155 - §1. A
metropolitan Church sui iuris is presided over by a metropolitan of a
determined see who is appointed by the Roman Pontiff and assisted by a council
of hierarchs according to the norm of law.
§2. It is solely the right of the supreme
authority of the Church to erect, modify, suppress and define the territorial
boundaries of metropolitan Churches sui iuris.
Can.156 - §1. Within
three months after episcopal ordination or, if already ordained a bishop, after
the enthronement, the metropolitan is bound by the obligation to petition the
pallium from the Roman Pontiff, which is a sign of his metropolitan power and
full communion of the metropolitan Church sui iuris with the Roman
Pontiff.
§2. Prior to the imposition of the pallium,
the metropolitan cannot convoke the council of hierarchs or ordain bishops.
Can.157 - §1. The
power which a metropolitan possesses according to the norm of law over the
bishops and other Christian faithful of the metropolitan Church over which he
presides, is ordinary and proper, but personal; thus, he cannot constitute a vicar
for the entire metropolitan Church sui iuris nor delegate his power to a
certain person for all cases.
§2. The power of the metropolitan and the
council of hierarchs is validly exercised only within the territorial
boundaries of the metropolitan Church sui iuris.
§3. The metropolitan represents the
metropolitan Church sui iuris in all its juridic affairs.
Can.158 - §1. The see
of the metropolitan Church sui iuris is to be in the principal city from
which the metropolitan, who presides over the same Church, takes his title.
§2. The metropolitan, in the eparchy entrusted
to him, has the same rights and obligations as an eparchial bishop.
Can.159 – In the
metropolitan Church sui iuris over which he presides, beyond those
things which are attributed to him by common law or particular law established by
the Roman Pontiff, the metropolitan is competent:
1° to ordain and enthrone bishops of the same Church within the time
determined by law;
2° to convoke the council of hierarchs according to the norm of law, to
prepare useful questions to be discussed in it, to preside, transfer, postpone,
suspend or dissolve it;
3° to erect a metropolitan tribunal;
4° to oversee that the faith and ecclesiastical discipline are accurately observed;
5° to conduct canonical visitations in eparchies, if the eparchial bishop
neglected to do it;
6° to appoint an administrator of an eparchy in the case mentioned in can.221,
n.4;
7° to appoint or confirm him who was legitimately proposed or elected to
office, if the eparchial bishop, not detained by a just impediment, omitted to
do so within the time established by law and also to appoint the eparchial
finance officer if the eparchial bishop, having been warned, neglected to
appoint him;
8° to communicate the acts of the Roman Pontiff to the eparchial bishops
and others to whom they pertain, unless the Apostolic See directly provides for
it, and see to the faithful execution of the prescriptions which are contained
in these acts.
Can.160 – In extraordinary
matters or those entailing special difficulty, the eparchial bishops will not omit
hearing the metropolitan nor will the metropolitan omit consulting with the bishops.
Can.161 – The metropolitan
is to be commemorated after the Roman Pontiff by all the bishops and other
clerics in the Divine Liturgy and in the divine praises, according to the prescriptions
of the liturgical books.
Can.162 – As a sign of
full communion with him, the metropolitan must faithfully make a commemoration
of the Roman Pontiff, and see that it is done by all the bishops and the other
clergy of the Church over which he presides, in the Divine Liturgy and the
divine praises, according to the prescriptions of the liturgical books.
Can.163 – It should be
the custom for the metropolitan to visit the Roman Pontiff frequently; he must
make this visit every five years according to the norm of can.208, §2, inasmuch
as it is possible, he should do it together with all the bishops of the
metropolitan Church over which he presides.
Can.164 §1. To the
council of hierarchs must be called all and only ordained bishops of the
metropolitan Church sui iuris wherever they are constituted, excluding
those mentioned in can.953, §1 or those who are punished with the canonical
penalties mentioned in cann.1433 and 1434. Bishops of another Church sui
iuris can be invited as guests only if it is acceptable to the majority of
the members of the council of hierarchs.
§2. Eparchial bishops and coadjutor bishops
have a deliberative vote in the council of hierarchs; other bishops of the
metropolitan Church sui iuris can have this vote if this is expressly
established in particular law.
Can.165 - §1. All
bishops lawfully called to the council of hierarchs are bound by the serious
obligation to be present at the council, except those who have already resigned
from office.
§2. If a certain bishop considers himself to
be detained by a legitimate impediment, he is to submit his reasons in writing
to the council of hierarchs; the bishops who have a deliberative vote and who
are present in the designated location at the opening session of the council
are to decide on the legitimacy of the impediment.
§3. No one of the members from the council of
hierarchs can send a proxy, nor can anyone have several votes.
§4. After the opening of the council of
hierarchs, none of those who must be present can leave unless for a just reason
approved by the president of the council.
Can.166 - §1. Unless
particular law requires a greater attendance, any session of the council of
hierarchs is canonical and any individual ballot is valid if a majority of the
bishops who are obliged to be present, are present.
§2. The council of hierarchs decides matters
by an absolute majority of those who have a deliberative vote and who are
present.
Can.167 - §1. With due
regard for the canons which expressly treat the power of the council of
hierarchs in making laws and norms, this council can also legislate in those
cases in which common law remits the matter to the particular law of a Church sui
iuris.
§2. The metropolitan will notify the Apostolic
See as soon as possible of the laws and norms enacted by the council of
hierarchs; nor can laws and norms be validly promulgated before the metropolitan
has written notification from the Apostolic See of the reception of the acts of
the council; the metropolitan is also to notify the Apostolic See of other
actions of the council of hierarchs.
§3. The metropolitan is to see to the
promulgation of laws and the publication of decisions of the council of
hierarchs.
§4. With due regard for the canons which
expressly mention the administrative acts of the metropolitan, he who presides over
a metropolitan Church sui iuris also has the right to perform
administrative acts which by common law are committed to the superior administrative
authority of a Church sui iuris, however, with the consent of the council
of hierarchs.
Can.168 – With regard
to the appointment of the metropolitan and bishops, for each case the council
of hierarchs is to compose a list of at least three of the more suitable candidates
and send the list to the Apostolic See, observing secrecy even toward the
candidates; in order to compile the list, the members of the council of hierarchs,
if they judge it to be expedient, can seek the opinion of certain presbyters or
other Christian faithful outstanding in wisdom concerning the needs of the Church
and the special talents of a person required for the episcopate.
Can.169 – The council
of hierarchs is to see that the pastoral needs of the Christian faithful are
provided for, and, concerning these needs, can establish what is considered to
be opportune to provide for an increase of the faith, the fostering of common
pastoral action, the supervision of morals and the observation of their own
rite as well as common ecclesiastical discipline.
Can.170 – The council
of hierarchs is to be held at least once a year and whenever special circumstances
require it or matters of common law which are reserved to this council or which
require the consent of this council need to be settled.
Can.171 – The council
of hierarchs is to draw up its statutes, transmitting them to the Apostolic
see, in which are provided a secretary for the council, preparatory
commissions, the order of procedure as well as other means which they consider
effective for the attainment of its goals.
Can.172 – In a metropolitan
Church sui iuris an assembly is to be held according to the norm of
cann.140 – 145 and is to be convoked at least every five years; the
metropolitan is competent to do whatever is said there about then patriarch.
Can.173 - §1. During
the vacancy of the metropolitan see in a metropolitan Church sui iuris:
1° the administrator of the metropolitan Church sui iuris is the
eparchial bishop of the same Church senior according to episcopal ordination,
who as soon as possible notifies the Roman Pontiff of the vacancy of the
metropolitan see;
2° to the administrator of a metropolitan Church sui iuris passes
the ordinary power of the metropolitan in all matters excluding those which
cannot be done without the consent of the council of hierarchs;
3° in a vacant metropolitan see there are to be no innovations.
§2. In an impeded metropolitan see of these
Churches those things are to be observed which are established for an impeded
patriarchal see in can.132, §1; the metropolitan is competent to do whatever is
said there about the patriarch.
§3. Concerning the vacant or impeded see of
the eparchy of the metropolitan cann.221 – 233 are to be observed.
CHAPTER II
OTHER CHURCHES SUI IURIS
Can.174 – A Church sui
iuris, which is neither patriarchal, major archiepiscopal nor metropolitan
is entrusted to a hierarch who presides over it according to the norm of common
law and particular law established by the Roman Pontiff.
Can.175 – These Churches
immediately depend on the Apostolic See; however, the hierarch exercises the
rights and obligations mentioned in can.159, nn. 3 – 8, as a delegate of the Apostolic
See.
Can.176 – If common law
remits something to particular law or to the superior administrative authority
of a Church sui iuris, the competent authority in these Churches is the
hierarch who presides over it according to the norm of law with the consent of
the Apostolic See, unless it is expressly stated otherwise.
CODE OF CANONS OF THE EASTERN CHURCHES : TITLE VI – METROPOLITAN CHURCHES AND OTHER CHURCHES SUI IURIS
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